When working with Cisco routers or switches,
there often comes a time when you need to erase the NVRAM. This process
removes the saved startup configuration and resets the device back to its
factory-default settings. Whether you’re preparing a device for a new
deployment, troubleshooting, or practicing for your CCNA certification,
learning how to erase NVRAM in Cisco devices is an essential skill.
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🔎 What is NVRAM in Cisco Devices?
- NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory) stores the startup configuration file
of a Cisco device.
- Unlike RAM, NVRAM retains data even after
the device is powered off.
- If you erase it, the router or switch will
boot with no configuration, prompting the initial setup dialogue.
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🛠️ Commands to Erase NVRAM in Cisco IOS
Step 1: Enter
Privileged EXEC Mode
Router> enable
Step 2: Erase the Startup Configuration
You can use either of these commands depending on
the IOS version:
Router# erase startup-config
or
Router# write erase
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💡 Bonus: Erasing VLAN Database on Switches
On Cisco switches, VLAN information is stored
separately in the flash memory. To erase it:
Switch# delete flash:vlan.dat
Switch# reload
⚡ Tip: Get a pre-configured Cisco lab kit with real routers and switches to practice erasing VLAN data hands-on.
⚡ Why Erase NVRAM?
- Preparing a device for a new network
setup
- Resetting after configuration errors
- Lab practice for CCNA/CCNP exams
- Handing over a device to another
administrator
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🔑 Key Takeaways
- NVRAM stores your startup configuration
in Cisco devices.
- Use erase startup-config or write erase to
wipe it.
- Always reload the router/switch after
erasing NVRAM.
- On switches, don’t forget to delete vlan.dat.
📝 Final Thoughts
Knowing how to erase NVRAM on Cisco routers
and switches is a fundamental networking skill. Whether you’re
troubleshooting, reusing hardware, or studying for Cisco certifications, these
simple commands help you return the device to a clean state.
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